Video published by Daniel’s Music Foundation here on YouTube (link is external)
Talkin’ Music with Gerry: Episode 2 (Friday, February 26, 2021)
[Upbeat Music/Guitar Strumming – Talkin’ Music with Gerry Theme Song]
[Image – Animation of show’s logo on a white background: A large treble clef in black color is on the left side of the screen. Dark pink, turquoise and gold music staff peppered with colorful music notes wraps around the circular bottom half of treble clef. The treble clef lights up in different colors from the bottom to the top and then the center. The show’s title “Talkin’ Music with Gerry” appears one letter at a time on the right side of the screen. “Talkin’” and “with” are in black letters; the letters “MUSIC” and “GERRY” alternate between turquoise, dark pink and gold colors.]
[Image – The host, Gerry, is seated in an armchair in a corner of his “Studio,” with a light green-colored wall behind him on his left and a light yellow wall on his right]
[00:00:00.00] [MUSIC PLAYING]
[00:00:10.85]
GERRY: Hello again, everybody. Welcome back to Talkin' Music with Gerry. My name is Gerry Powers, and I am the artistic director for Daniel's Music Foundation. So in our last episode of Talkin' Music with Gerry, we learned about pitch, frequency, and range. We listened to three different musical pieces: an orchestra, a marching band, and a drum corps.
[00:00:39.74]
GERRY: We also listened to many sounds in our world. We learned about bass, mid-range, and treble frequencies, which are the low, middle, and high frequencies. We also learned that every note or every pitch has a frequency number that is measured in what we call hertz.
[00:01:02.86]
GERRY: We also talked about the range of an instrument. The range of an instrument is basically how many notes an instrument can play, from the lowest to the highest note. And we also learned that the range of an instrument is measured in octaves. So today, we will continue to talk more about range.
[00:01:26.89]
GERRY: And first we're going to talk about our human hearing range. Our range compared to other animals, and how to protect our precious human hearing. And we will talk and learn about the volume of sounds and how those sounds are measured. And then we'll continue with our listening exercises by learning and hearing some instruments in the strings section of the orchestra. And we will put all of our new vocabulary words to good use.
[Image – Blue-tinted photo of people standing, facing a stage. The words “Human Hearing Range” in blue letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[00:02:02.46]
GERRY: Our human hearing range is about…
[Image – The words “20 Hz - 20,000 Hz” and “Human Hearing Range” in yellow letters appear at the top of the screen]
GERRY: …20 hertz to 20,000 hertz.
[Image – Bright pink-tinted photo of concert goers facing the stage, with the words “Frequencies higher than” in red letters and “20 Hz - 20,000 Hz” in yellow letters appear towards the top of the screen]
GERRY: The frequencies that are higher than our hearing range are called ultrasound.
[Image – The “Ultrasound” in orange letters appears at the top of the screen]
[Image – Photo of a racoon on a green lawn with leafy bushes in the background. The words “Animals that hear ultrasound” in white letters appear at the top of the screen and “Racoon: 100 - 40,000 Hz” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: There are many animal species that can hear frequencies…
[Image – Photo of a dog on a leash being held by a woman. The words “Animals that hear ultrasound” in white letters are at the top of the screen and “Dog: 67 - 45,000 Hz” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …beyond our human hearing range.
[Image – Photo of three dolphins swimming in the ocean. The words “Animals that hear ultrasound” in white letters are at the top of the screen and “Dolphins: 40,000 - 100,000 Hz” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: Dolphins…
[Image – Photo of a bat flying with outstretched wings. The words “Animals that hear ultrasound” in white letters are at the top of the screen and “Bats: 2,000 - 100,000 Hz” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …and bats can hear frequencies up to…
[Image – Photo collage of a bat and dolphin on a blue background with circular lines. The words “Can hear up to 100,000 Hz” in green letters appear at the top right of the screen.]
GERRY: …a hundred thousand hertz.
[Image – Photo of the right side of a woman’s face with her right hand cupped over her right ear. The words “20 Hz - 20,000 Hz” and “Human Hearing Range” in yellow letters appear in the middle of the screen. The word “Infrasound” in yellow letters appears below.]
GERRY: Below our human hearing is called infrasound.
[Image – Photo of one large African elephant in the wild, with two smaller elephants in the background. The words “Infrasound” and “Elephants: 14-16 Hz” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: Elephants can hear low frequency sound at 14 to 16 hertz,…
[Image – Photo of a whale swimming up to the surface of the ocean. The words “Infrasound” and “Whales: 7 Hz” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …and some whales can hear as low as 7 hertz.
[00:02:49.49] [MUSIC AND CHEERING]
[Image – Photo of a crowd of people cheering at a concert. The words “Hearing and Aging” in turquoise letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[Image – Photo of a young boy and a young girl dressed in school uniform, sitting at a table and writing in their notebooks with green pencils. The words “A young person can hear 20 - 20,000 Hz” in turquoise letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[00:02:55.03]
GERRY: A young person can hear frequencies between 20 hertz and 20,000 hertz. That's our normal hearing range,…
[Image – Photo of a smiling family which consists of a grandmother, mother, daughter and grandfather. The words “Our hearing changes with age” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …but our hearing range can be different depending on how old you are.
[Image – Photo of a smiling family: a young boy sitting on a couch in the living room, sandwiched by his grandfather and father. The words “As we get older, we lose hearing in the upper frequencies” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.}
GERRY: As we get older, it's totally normal to lose hearing in the upper frequencies.
[Image – Photo of a woman, with her hands cupped around her mouth, shouting something at the old man sitting next to her on the couch, as he holds his right hand up to his ear as he strains to hear. The words “By the time we reach middle age” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.}
GERRY: And by the time we hit middle age,…
[Image – Photo of an elderly couple sitting across the desk from a woman. The elderly man is whispering something into the elderly woman’s right ear. The words “We can expect to hear up to 14,000 Hz” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …we can expect to hear up to about 14,000 hertz.
[Image – Close-up photo of the left side of an elderly man’s face, with his left hand up behind his left ear. The words “Hearing loss can occur due to” appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: There are other reasons why someone can lose their hearing –
[Image – Photo of a doctor examining his patient’s left ear with an otoscope. The words “medical conditions” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …medical conditions,…
[Image – Photo of a doctor looking at an X-ray of a patient’s skull. The word “head injuries” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …head injuries,…
[Image – Photo of a soldier in uniform covering his ears with his hands. The words “and loud noises” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …and loud noises.
[00:03:32.73] [MUSIC PLAYING]
[Image – Vertical sounds waves on a dark purple background. The words “Loudness Of Sounds” in light purple letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[Image – Photo of a man’s left thumb and pointer finger adjusting the volume knob of an analog audio receiver. The word “Loudness” in white letters appears at the top of the screen.]
[00:03:38.69]
GERRY: Let's talk about the loudness of sounds or the volume of sounds.
[Image – Photo of a sound engineer in a recording studio. The words “Loudness is measured in” in yellow letters appear at the top of the screen.]
GERRY: Loudness is measured in…
[Image – Photo of two dials on an audio system, with the word “decibels” in red letters at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …decibels.
[Image – Close-up photo of a sound system mixing board with numerous knobs and channel faders. The word “Decibels” in white letters appears at the top of the screen, followed by “dB” below it.]
GERRY: The abbreviation of decibels is dB.
[Image – Photo of the FDR Highway which runs along New York City’s East River, with a silhouette of the Brooklyn Bridge and skyline of Downtown Manhattan in the background at nighttime. The words “Decibel Levels In Familiar Sounds” in yellow letters appear at the top of the screen.]
GERRY: Here are some examples of decibels in familiar sounds.
[Image – Photo of a man seated on the floor reading a book, leaning against the couch behind him. The words “Normal breathing - 10 dB” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom left of the screen.]
[SOUND EFFECTS (SFX): PERSON BREATHING NORMALLY]
GERRY: Normal breathing is about 10 dB.
[Image – Photo of three teenage girls: the girl in the center has an excited expression on her face as her two friends, standing on either side, whisper into her ears. The words “Whisper - 30 dB” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
[SFX: PEOPLE WHISPERING]
GERRY: A whisper is about 30 dB.
[Image – Photo of a young woman with an astonished look on her face. The words “Whisper - 30 dB” in yellow letters are at the bottom of the screen.]
[00:04:09.19]
WOMAN: Wow!
[Image – Photo of two female co-workers sitting at table in a stockroom, chatting. The words “Normal conversation - 60 dB” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
[SFX: PEOPLE TALKING]
[00:04:10.43]
GERRY: A normal conversation is about 60 dB.
[Image – Photo of a vacuum cleaner on a carpeted floor in a home. The words “Vacuum cleaner - 70 dB” in white letters appear at the bottom left of the screen.]
[SFX: Vacuum cleaner that is turned on]
GERRY: A vacuum cleaner…
[Image – Photo of a woman blow-drying her hair with a hair dryer. The words “Hair dryer - 70 dB” in white letters appear at the bottom left of the screen.]
[SFX: Hair dryer blowing]
GERRY: …or a hair dryer are about 70 decibels.
[Image – Photo of a man looking down at his mobile phone as he stands on the sidewalk along a busy city street. The words “Heavy traffic - 80 dB” in white letters appear in a black horizontal bar at the bottom of the screen.]
[SFX: Traffic noises and car horns]
GERRY: Heavy traffic can be 80 decibels.
[Image – Photo of commuters standing on the platform of a subway station as a train pulls into the station. The words “Subway - 90-95 dB” in white letters appear at the bottom right of the screen.]
[SFX: Train cars moving along the rail tracks]
GERRY: A subway train can be 90 or 95 dB.
[Image – Photo of a man mowing the lawn. The words “Lawnmower - 100 dB” in white letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[SFX: Lawnmower whirring]
GERRY: A lawnmower can be a hundred decibels.
[Image – Photo of a construction worker using a jackhammer to break up concrete underfoot. The words “Jackhammer - 100 dB” in white letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[SFX: Jackhammer vibrating and breaking a hard surface]
GERRY: A jackhammer can be a hundred decibels, too.
[Image – Photo of a man using a chainsaw to cut into the trunk of a fallen tree. The words “Chainsaw - 110 dB” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
[SFX: Chainsaw buzzing]
GERRY: A chainsaw is about a hundred and 10 dB.
[Image – Photo of bright blue lights of an ambulance siren in the evening. The words “Siren - 120 dB” in white letters appear in the center part of the screen.]
[SFX: Sirens blaring]
GERRY: An ambulance siren is about a hundred and 20 dB.
[Image – Photos of fireworks displays in the night sky. The words “Sounds over 130 dB” and “Fireworks” in white letters appear at the bottom left of the screen.]
[SFX: Fireworks hissing and booming]
GERRY: There are sounds over a hundred and 30 dB. Fireworks,…
[Image – Photo of musicians performing at a rock concert. The words “Sounds over 130 dB” in white letters is at the bottom left of the screen, and the word “Fireworks” is replaced by “Rock Concert”.]
[SFX: Loud music at a rock concert]
GERRY: …a rock concert,…
[Image – Photo of the belly of an airplane flying in the sky. The words “130 dB sounds” and “Jet take-off” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom left corner of the screen.]
[SFX: Engines of a jet airplane as it is taking off]
GERRY: … or a jet taking off.
[Image – Photo of a woman in pain as she covers her ears with both hands. The words “130 dB sounds can hurt your ears” in green letters appear at the top of the screen.]
GERRY: These sounds can hurt your ears.
[Image – Photo of a doctor examining a male patient’s ear. The words “130 dB sounds can hurt your ears” in green letters are at the top of the screen.]
[00:04:54.59] [MUSIC PLAYING]
[Image – Photo of the Upper West Side’s buildings and skyline reflected on the water of the Central Park Reservoir during sunset. The words “Protecting Your Hearing” in yellow letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[Image – Photo of a young woman singing as she listens to loud music on her headphones. The words “Exposure to loud sounds” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
[00:04:59.27]
GERRY: If we are exposed to sounds that are over 80 dB…
[Image – Photo of concert goers, with the words “for extended periods of time” in turquoise letters at the bottom of the screen]
GERRY: …for more than a short period of time,…
[Image – Photo of a worried woman having her left ear examined by a doctor, with the words “can cause hearing loss” in turquoise letters at the bottom of the screen]
GERRY: …we could suffer from permanent hearing loss.
[Image – Illustration of a left earlobe and parts of the middle and inner ears. The words “Our hearing can get damaged” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: Our hearing can get damaged,…
[Image – A grey-haired woman wearing eyeglasses, with earplugs in her ears, frowning from the loud noise. The words “because high noise levels” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …because high noise levels can damage…
[Image – Microscopic image of the inner ear. The words “can damage the delicate” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …the delicate, hair-like…
[Image – Microscopic image of the inner ear’s cells. The words “hair-like sensory cells” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …sensory cells…
[Image – Visual of the cochlea in the inner ear. The words “in our inner ear” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …in our inner ear.
[Image – Photo of a carpenter wearing clear goggles over his eyes and yellow construction earmuffs to protect his ears. The words “People who work in loud environments” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: People who work in loud environments…
[Image – Photo of a construction worker wearing yellow earmuffs. The words “wear noise reduction headphones” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …wear noise reduction headphones,…
[Image – Close-up photo of a large jet engine on an airplane at the airport]
GERRY: …such as the outside workers at an airport,…
[Image – Photo of a worker wearing a hardhat using a jackhammer]
GERRY: …or someone operating a jackhammer…
[Image – Photo of a worker’s gloved hands holding a chainsaw to cut up a log]
GERRY: …or a chainsaw…
[Image – Photo of a construction worker’s right hand as he inserts a yellow earplug into his right ear]
GERRY: …or machinery that makes loud sounds.
[Image – Photo of a young woman listening to music outdoors on her mobile device using earphones. The words “Five out of ten young people” in white letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[00:05:35.99]
GERRY: You may be surprised to know that five out of 10 young people…
[Image – Photo of a young man pressing earphones into his ear with his fingers as he listens to music outdoors on his mobile device. The words “listen to their music or other audio sounds” in white letters appear at the top of the screen.]
GERRY: …listen to their music or other audio sounds…
[Image – Photo of a young boy with large white headphones over his ears. The words “too loudly” in white letters appear in the middle of the screen.]
GERRY: …too loudly.
[Image – Map of the United States. The words “Forty-eight million people in the US” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: Another fact is that 48 million people in the United States…
[Image – Photo of an elderly couple sitting at the kitchen table. The man has a concerned look on his face as he rests his forehead in his left hand. The words “have trouble hearing in one or both ears” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …have trouble hearing in one ear or in both of their ears.
[Image – Photo of a young man having his left earlobe examined by a doctor. The words “About half the people in the US” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: About half the people in the United States…
[Image – Photo of a grey-haired woman getting her right ear examined by a doctor. The words “experience hearing loss by retirement” in turquoise letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …experience hearing loss by the time they retire,…
[Image – Photo of a factory worker with a hardhat and construction earmuffs. The words “We must be careful with our ears” in orange letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …so we really have to be careful with our ears.
[Image – Photo of a young girl wearing fluffy white and pink bunny ears on her head during Easter.]
GERRY: You can't go to the ear store to get a new pair.
[00:06:08.70] [MUSIC PLAYING]
[Image – Photo with a view of the Brooklyn Bridge and Downtown Manhattan’s skyline from the East River in the evening. The words “Ear Safety” in orange letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[Image – Photo of a young person lounging on the couch listening to music on headphones and adjusting the volume on a tablet. The words “We all know how to operate” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
[00:06:14.76]
GERRY: We all know how to operate…
[Image – Photo of a young woman sitting on the floor holding a tablet in her hands. The words “the volume controls” appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …the volume controls…
[Image – Close-up photo of a woman holding a remote control in her right hand. The words “on our devices” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …on our devices.
[Image – Photo of a row of large audio speakers. The words “Try to avoid listening to loud music” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: Try to avoid…
[Image – Photo of a girl with her right ear up close to a speaker. The words “Try to avoid listening to loud music” appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …listening to loud music…
[Image – Photo of a woman covering her ears with both her hands. The words “for long periods of time” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …for long periods of time.
[Image – Photo of a smiling young girl using her pointer fingers to plug up her ears.
GERRY: Cover your ears when you're on the street when there is a siren.
[Image – Photo of a man with an annoyed look on his face, using his pointer fingers to plug up his ears. The words “59th Street” in black letters appear at the top left corner of the screen.]
GERRY: Do the same for a subway train that is loud.
[Image – Photo of a young woman listening to music with her earphones as she is walking outdoors.]
[00:06:31.62]
GERRY: If you are listening to music on the street while wearing your headphones,…
[Image – Photo of a woman listening to music with earphones on her mobile device while she travels by bus]
GERRY: …or if you're on the bus…
[Image – Photos of subway commuters listening to music on their mobile devices using earphones and headphones]
GERRY: …or in the subway, it would be better not to turn the volume up to hear the music.
[Image – Photo of a young woman sitting outdoors on the grass amongst yellow wildflowers as she listens to music on her headphones. The words “Loud headphones can damage hearing” in white letters appear at the top of the screen.]
GERRY: You can really do a lot of damage when your headphones are too high in volume.
[Image – Photo of parade goers]
GERRY: If you're in a loud…
[Image – Photo of a young man trying to talk to a young woman who has her fingers in her ears to block out the sound of his voice.]
GERRY: … place where people have to…
[Image – Photo of a man shouting]
GERRY: …shout for you to hear them,…
[Image – Photo of young children seated in a large room, covering their ears with their hands.]
GERRY: …protect your hearing…
[Image – Photo of an emergency exit sign, with a white figure on a green background running in the direction of a white arrow pointed towards an open door]
GERRY: …and get out of there fast.
[Image – Photo of the Brooklyn Bridge and view of the Downtown Manhattan skyline from Brooklyn at sunset. The words “Review of Sound Terms” in orange letters appear at the top of the screen.]
[00:06:56.64] [MUSIC PLAYING]
GERRY: Let's review what we've learned. In episode 1 of Talkin' Music with Gerry,…
[Image – Photo of young girl playing the violin, with the words “Pitch: The highness of lowness of a sound or a note” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …we learned that a pitch is the highness or lowness of a sound or a note.
[Image – Musical notes flowing out of one side of a pair of white earbuds on a turquoise color background. The words “Each note or pitch has a frequency number” appear in white letters at the top of the screen.]
GERRY: Each note or pitch has a frequency number…
[Image – The words “that tells us how fast a pitch is vibrating” appear in white letters at the top of the screen.]
GERRY: …that tells us how fast a pitch is vibrating.
[Image – Close-up photo of a musician tuning a guitar with his left hand, with the words “The frequency number is measured in Hz” in white letters at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: That frequency number is measured in hertz.
[Image – Close-up photo of a musician’s fingers plucking the strings on a guitar. The words “41 Hz” appear in white letters on the left side of the screen.
GERRY: We said that the low E string on the bass guitar is 41 hertz,…
[Image – Close-up photo of piano keys with a musician’s left pointer finger pressing the middle C note. The words “Middle C - 261 Hz” in white letters appear at the top of the screen.]
GERRY: …and middle C on the piano is 261 hertz.
[Image – Blue-tinted photo of a singer performing at a concert. The words “Loudness of sound is measured in decibels” in white letters appear at the bottom left of the screen.]
[00:07:30.06]
GERRY: Today we also learned that the loudness of sound is measured in decibels.
[Image – Close-up photo of a woman’s left ear. The words “The human ear detects the differences in air pressure” in white letters appear on the bottom left of the screen.]
GERRY: Our human ear detects the differences in air pressure…
[Image – Visual of sound waves, with the words “that are produced by sound waves” in white letters at the bottom of the screen]
GERRY: …that are produced by sound waves.
[Image – The words “Sounds waves could come from” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen]
GERRY: Sound waves could come from…
[Image – Mobile phone on a turquoise background, with the words “the telephone ringing” in white letters at the bottom of the screen]
GERRY: …the telephone ringing…
[Image – Photo of a man singing in a sound booth, with the words “or someone singing” in white letters at the bottom of the screen]
GERRY: …or someone singing.
[Image – Visual of sound waves on a computer monitor. The words “We use Hz to measure frequency” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: We use hertz to measure frequency,…
[Image – Photo of the gauge of a decibel meter. The words “We use decibels to measure loudness” in yellow letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: …and we use decibels to measure loudness.
[Image – Visual of digital audio recordings on a computer screen. The words “Another word for loudness is amplitude” in blue letters appear at the bottom of the screen.]
GERRY: Another word for loudness is amplitude,…
[Image – Photo of a sound engineer adjusting the knobs on a mixing board in a recording studio.]
GERRY: …and we'll talk about amplitude when we do our episode on the recording studio.
[Image – Photo of a band of five musicians having fun rehearsing together with an acoustic guitar, bass guitar, keyboard and drums]
[00:08:01.62]
GERRY: Musicians can control the loudness and frequency of the notes that they play.
[Image – Photo montage: An orchestra performing in a music hall; Musicians playing the violin and cello, with the word “Strings” in white letters at the bottom right of the screen; Rows of musicians playing various woodwind instruments such as flutes and clarinets, with the word “Woodwinds” in white letters at the bottom of the screen; Musicians playing trumpets, with the word “Brass” in white letters at the bottom of the screen; Musicians on stage playing a variety of percussion instruments such as drums, timpani and gongs/tam-tam, with the word “Percussion” in white letters at the bottom left of the screen.]
GERRY: In the orchestra there are four sections of different instruments: the strings, the woodwinds, the brass, and the percussion.
[Image – Photo of musicians playing cello and violins. The words “Of all the instruments in the orchestra” in white letters appear at the bottom left of the screen.
GERRY: Of all the instruments in the orchestra,…
[Image – Photo of a violin and a viola, with the words “the string family instruments” in red letters at the bottom left of the screen]
GERRY: …the string family instruments…
[Image – Photo of a musician playing the violin with a music sheet on a stand in front of him, and the words “have the largest ranges” in white letters at the bottom left of the screen]
GERRY: …have the largest ranges.
[Image – Photos of a violin and a bow on a wooden surface with three red roses]
[Image – Photo of a violin and headphones on a tabletop]
[00:08:28.52]
GERRY: The violin is the first instrument in the string section. It's the smallest instrument of the string family and plays…
[Image – Photo of a violin and a bow on a white background. The words “Andrea Amati” “1564” appear in white letters on the screen.]
GERRY: …the highest pitches. It was invented by a man named Andrea Amati in 1564.
[Image – Photo of a man holding up a violin vertically in front of him with both hands. The words “Made of wood,” “15” long” and “Weighs 1 lb.” in white letters appear at the bottom right section of the screen.]
GERRY: It is made of wood and is about 15 inches long and weighs about one pound.
[Image – Photo of man playing the violin. The words “The player holds the violin between the chin and the left shoulder” appear at the top right corner of the screen.]
GERRY: The player holds the violin between the chin and the left shoulder.
[Image – Photos: A person’s right hand holding the end of the bow, with the word “Bow” in white letters on the bottom right section of the screen; Close-up of the bow on the violin strings.]
GERRY: The violin is played with a bow, which is a long stick that has horsehairs attached to it.
[Image – Photo of a grey-haired man playing the violin. The words “Lustrous,” “Vibrant,” “Brilliant” and “Sweet” in white letters are stacked on the right side of the screen.]
[00:08:57.20]
GERRY: The sound a violin makes can be described as lustrous, vibrant, brilliant, and sweet.
[Image – Photo of piano keys. A green star on a piano key towards the left side marks “G3 196 hz” in white letters, and a second green star on a piano key towards the right marks “A7 1760 hz” in white letters. The words “51 different notes” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen. Black color brackets and dots indicate the range of the notes on the piano keys, with the words “four octaves” in black letters visible over the piano keys.]
GERRY: The violin has a very large range, going from G3 at a hundred and 96 hertz, all the way up to A7 at 1,760 hertz. That's about 51 different notes that the violin can play, more than four octaves. Let's have a listen.
[Image – Photo montage: Quick cuts comprised of 10 photos of different people playing the violin and close-up photos of the violin]
[00:09:23.69] [VIOLIN PLAYING]
[00:09:29.13]
GERRY: The next instrument in the string section is the viola.
[Image – Photo of a (smaller) violin at the top and a (larger) viola at the bottom of the screen, with the word “Viola” in white letters over the viola]
GERRY: The viola is a musical instrument that is very similar to the violin.
[Image: Photo of a woman seated on a couch holding up a violin in her left hand and a viola in her right hand. The word “Viola” in white letters appears over the viola.]
GERRY: The viola is bigger than the violin.
[Image – Photo of a woman with a bow and viola on her left shoulder. The words “Viola,” “18” long” and “Weighs 1.3 lbs.” appear on the top right side of the screen.]
GERRY: It's about 18 inches long and weighs about 1.3 pounds.
[Image – Photo of a musician playing the viola in an orchestra. The words “Deeper and mellower sound” appear in white letters on the top right of the screen.]
GERRY: It has a deeper and mellower sound that is lower than the violin…
[Image – Photo of a high school student playing the viola. The words “It is bigger and tuned lower” appear in white letters on the top right corner of the screen.]
GERRY: …because it is bigger, and it's tuned lower.
[Image – Photo of a man playing the viola. The words “Dark,” “Stately,” “Warm,” “Eloquent” and “Solemn” in white letters are stacked on the right side of the screen.]
[00:09:54.06]
GERRY: People say that the viola sounds dark, stately, warm, eloquent, and solemn.
[Image – Photo of piano keys. A green star on a piano key towards the left side marks “C3 131 hz” in white letters, and a second green star on a piano key towards the right marks “E6 1319 hz” in white letters. The words “40 different notes” in white letters appear at the bottom of the screen. Black color brackets and dots indicate the range of the notes on the piano keys, with the words “3 1/2 octaves” in black letters visible over the piano keys.]
GERRY: The viola has a range from C3 to E6. That's a hundred and 31 hertz to 1,319 hertz. That's about 40 different notes, which is a similar but smaller range compared to the violin.
[Image – Photo montage: Six photos of different people playing the viola. The word “Viola” in white letters appears on the right side of the last photo.]
[00:10:17.21] [VIOLA PLAYING]
[00:10:21.74]
GERRY: Listen to the beauty of the viola.
[00:10:23.26] [VIOLA PLAYING]
[Image – Photo of a musician seated on a chair playing the cello with a bow. The word “Cello” in white letters appear on the right side of the screen.]
[00:10:31.79]
GERRY: The cello is a larger member of the violin family.
[Image – Photo of a man playing the cello. The words “5’ tall” and “Weighs 5-7 lbs.” in white letters appear on the right side of the screen.]
GERRY: It's about 5 feet tall and weighs 5 to 7 pounds.
[Image – Photo of a musician playing the cello outdoors on a patio. The words “Sonorous,” “Eloquent,” “Vibrant,” and “Gentle” appear in white letters, one word at a time, alternating between the left side of the screen to the right side.]
GERRY: The sound of the cello can be described as sonorous, eloquent, vibrant, and gentle.
[Image – Photo of a young woman playing the cello. The words “The cello can play over four octaves” in white letters appear at the bottom left section of the screen.]
GERRY: The cello can play over four octaves,…
[Image – Two seated musicians smiling, each of them holding on to a cello in the left hand and a bow in the right hand. The words “C2-C6” and “65 Hz - 1047 Hz” appear on the bottom right of the screen.]
GERRY: …C2 to C6, from 65 hertz to 1,047 hertz.
[Image – Photo of a double bass propped upright in the corner of a room with windows on either side. The words “1542” and “Sylvestro Ganassi” in white letters are stacked on the right side of the screen.]
[00:10:58.35]
GERRY: In 1542, Sylvestro Ganassi invented the bass viola, which is often regarded as the predecessor for the modern instrument:
[Image – Photo of a double bass and bow against a wall with a grand piano on the right. The words “Double Bass” in white letters appear towards the right of the screen.]
GERRY: The double bass. The double bass is over 6 feet tall…
[Image – Close-up photo of a musician playing the double bass with a bow. The words “Double Bass,” “6’ tall” and “Weighs 20-25 lbs.” in white letters appear in the middle of the screen.]
GERRY: …and can weigh 20 to 25 pounds.
[Image – Photo of a woman playing the double bass. The words “Heavy,” “Weighty,” “Resonant” and “Menacing” in black letters appear and disappear one at a time on the right side of the screen.]
GERRY: It sounds heavy, weighty, resonant, and menacing.
[Image – Photo of a man playing the double bass. The words “Range of three octaves” and “C2-C5” in white letters appear on the right side of the screen.]
GERRY: It has a range of three octaves from the C2 to C5.
[Image – Photo of a woman playing the harp on the beach as the sun is setting. The word “Harp” in white letters appear on the right side of the screen.]
[00:11:26.68]
GERRY: There is one instrument left in the string section that we're going to talk about next time, and that is the harp.
[Image – Photo montage of musicians playing various string instruments: Viola, Cello, Double Bass, Violin]
GERRY: Let's take a moment to see if we can identify the double bass, the cello, the viola, and the violin.
[00:11:41.02] [STRINGS PLAYING]
[Image – Gerry in the Studio]
[00:11:55.09]
GERRY: Well, I hope that you have enjoyed this second episode of Talkin' Music with Gerry. There's so much more to talk about, so I'll talk to you later.
[00:12:07.22] (GERRY SINGING)
[Image and upbeat music – A kaleidoscope of gold music notes and treble clefs with rows of bright yellow and blue lights on a dark background emanate continuously from the middle of the screen to the front of the screen. Some of the music notes/clefs sparkle and glow intermittently.]
[Song lyrics]
There's so much more to talk about, so I'll talk to you later.
Arrivederci, sayonara, see you later alligator.
I have to say it’s been great and it’s gonna be greater.
There's so much more to talk about, so I'll talk to you later.
[Words in turquoise letters appear on the screen one row at a time and then fade during the song:
Thanks for watching!
To learn more please visit danielsmusic.org
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[Image – End slate is a black screen]